One way to contrast these in broad terms is that tools like Airflow are generally much more focussed on continually running well defined production workflows, while tools like Snakemake are mostly focused on creating a reproducible pipeline for one particular analysis, or making it easy to perform exploratory analysis, exploring the effect of different input data and parameters.

One way this focus is reflected is how e.g. Snakemake are much more focused on naming files in a way that you can figure out what input data and parameters were used to produce them, making it easier to compare results from variations on the main analysis.