If there are answers to questions that result in your information not being passed on to someone who you'll actually be working with then it's a phone screen.
Well first he said HR, then he said recruiter so I assumed a recruiter working in the HR department directly for that company not as a 3rd party which could be bypassed after the fact without an inside contact.
If you say "recruiter" to me, I think "huckster third-party middleman trying to insert themselves between HR and candidates". My definition is, I think, pretty close to the prevailing one.
I reread the article. You're probably right (he talks about getting "called back for an in-person interview).
I swear to god I'm not commenting out of someone-is-wrong-on-the-Internet-ism. There are developers out there that really believe that what recruiters think about them matters, and recruiters really do prey on that.
As an employer, I also have an irrational distaste for recruiters. They are the worst cold-call inside salespeople ever; it is impossible to get them off the phone.