These frameworks are very limiting comparing to developing in Java. They might be easier to use (I don't know about that) but you would find yourself resorting to Java for the more complex stuff.
Can you come up with one thing that you can't do with Xamarin (C#) that you can do in Java (Android)? It's most certainly not 'very limited', I have no idea where you got that information.
In general, Kotlin is a good candidate for the next Java. It removes a lot of boilerplate from Java and makes it more powerful (e.g. through extension methods), without becoming an enormous language such as Scala. It is a predictable language for anyone coming from Java.
Kotlin's largest competitor is Java itself. Java 8 does provide a lot of the advantages that Kotlin had (e.g. closures).
I agree with most of the things here except for the last part of no. 9:
"Beware of "I built an internal tool that..." or "I built a flux capaciting tool that..." or "I rewrote an open source tool because...". Some developers like to jerk off to rebuilding the wheel and wasting business money on projects that strictly aren't required or useful to the business as a whole. Like I said, I like to build products. If you feel like you needed to rewrite the compiler, you're probably awful, and almost certainly wrong."
What about DevOps and people who work on improving the work flow for other developers?