The problem is that there is no incentive, because if you take the average set of behavior of a human, nowhere in that set is the willingness to go against the grain to to what is morally right versus what is currently "socially acceptable".
For example, taking a stand against Tesla, when you go buy one right now, you really don't feel any sort of general animosity from people, even though its morally not the right thing to do.
Can we stop pretending that it was Covid, and not the felon pedophile and his cronies in charge of the country? You can see on the plot that the shit started in 2016.
Sure, because the world was just great before 2016. The orange idiot is just the culmination of decades of decline, not a random blip in American history.
I mean, in a roundabout way you are right in your second sentence, it just wasn't decades of decline, on the opposite, it was a decade of positive growth. The world was pretty good prior to 2016. By all accounts, economy was doing good, tech was happening, cool things were being done.
Most of the actual important issues were solved or on the way of being solved, so people slowly started to make the trivial problems seem way grander than they are. Hedonistic adaptation is part of human nature, and the cycle has been seen in history many times in many civilizations.
Meanwhile, ironically, in societies where there is significant hardship every day, whether its going out and farming or having to work harder for your meal at home, dealing with adverse weather, and other things, you tend to see way more inclusion and coherence between humans, because they really never get a chance to get accustomed to a good life.
I agree but like most tragedies, it wasn't the event, it was the reaction. Trump did very little in his 1st term (especially in comparison to now), yet extremist/politically addicted people lost their minds constantly. It was their radicalization and increased extremism that caused most of the harm. And as most of their real life social circle pulled back from their extremism they got deeper into their social media bubble. And they still haven't come back and I don't expect them to for some time.
Trump might've been "subdued" in his 1st term, but social media was already at its breaking point even before he sat in the White House the first time. Remember the cesspool that was /r/TheDonald for example, the 4chan psyop factory, the pepe the frog memes, Steve Bannon, etc.
Trump is a product of the idiocy of the American electorate. He's also a product of the forces that have worked for many, many years to have a guy like him run the country. Trump is what you eventually get after the Reagans, the Nixons, the George Wallaces have sown the seeds.
What plot? All the plots in the article either (1) show the change for the worse happening in 2020 or later or (2) are explicitly comparing "before 2020" with "after 2020".
(I do agree that Mr Trump is a shockingly bad president in oh so many ways. But the malaise being described here doesn't seem to have started in 2016. Not every bad thing is his fault.)
Trump is a terrible president and person. Unfortunately, Trump derangement syndrome is also a real thing. We are a country full of fools of one persuasion or another.
Is this comment supposed to make me think Trump derangement syndrome is a fake diagnosis? Because all I've gathered is that you seem utterly broken by the presence of this man.
No, just pointing out that given the kind of shit that you support, you are either close to or actually mentally ill, so you probably shouldn't try to strain your brain too hard and talk about politics.
Are you an admin? If so, just ban me bro, spare me the pity party.
People like you are part of the problem. Look at my post history, I actually have plenty of comments in technical matter. Meanwhile the person who Im replying to is all politics shitposting. So get off your high horse my dude.
> If they pull it off, and it's looking like they will,
I really wonder about this psychological effect where non technical people champion people like Musk so hard without any basis for doing so. Is is some sort of wanting to belong to some ideology that makes you just make shit up in your head about how Starship is a success, despite many indicators of it clearly being a stupid idea born from Musks ketomine episodes?
For the record, Starships engines are the equivalent of taking a Toyota Corolla and making it run on nitrous continously on the verge of self destructing. You may be able to do technology demonstrations here and there, but making it work reliably for actual missions is much much harder.
"Starships engines", also known as Raptors, are among the most extensively tested rocket engines in the world.
More than 600 of them (across all variants) have been produced and tested on McGregor test stands and in flight, with relatively few explosions, and for some of that test stand explosions, we do not know if those were deliberate overload tests.
Raptor is about the least problematic of all the crucial Starship components. They had a lot more problems with ullage and the gorilla in the room is the heat shield. It must be very reliable and at the same time quick to check and fix. The time to fix the heat shield will be the critical component of the total turnaround time.
Personally, I don't believe in 1 hour turnaround. 1-2 days just might be plausible.
Is that why you see several engines not functioning during flight tests?
The issue is that the controllers have to maintain a crazy unstable balance of the mixture to keep these things running due to the dual preburn cycle and cryogenic storage, that any unforeseen circumstance can lead to failure.
In the days of Falcon, where Space X was attracting people willing to disrupt the industry, I would have been in the "its possible" camp. Nowdays, with everything going on, I would place a large chunk of money on the fact that they will never get it to be reliable enough. They haven't even gotten it to orbit yet, despite the massive experience they have.
First its "engines are reliable", then its "well actually they are not, but the starship can function with a few out"
The Elon simps never cease to amaze me.
An engine should not go out by itself. Some catastrophic event can take out an engine, and then if you design your rocket to fly with a few out, thats fine. But if the engines just are so unstable that they fizzle out, thats a huge risk because that means any non planned event can cause more engines to fizzle out, leading to loss of vehicle.
By far the most common reason for engines to go out is when they don't have enough fuel, and that is mostly caused by faults in ullage, which is what I mentioned in my GP comment to be a significant problem. Once you spent most of your fuel, relighting the engines is not easy.
Ullage is a plumbing matter, though. External to the engine itself and its intrinsic (un)reliability.
On the ascent burn, where fuel is plentiful, Raptor flameouts have become way less frequent over time. The # of engines failing on the Super Heavy during the ascent burn is 0/33, 1/33 and 0/33 during the last three IFTs. Not bad for a test vehicle.
The Saturn V's had a big problem with "pogoing" which they never solved. The Soviet moon rocket apparently was abandoned because of unstable coupling among the grid of engines that powered it.
SpaceX must have a handle on these problems, I haven't heard anything about it.
The full flow cycle of the raptors means they do 2x preburn for oxidizer and fuel to spin the turbines to generate the pressure required for the pressure ratio. If a small part of this fails for whatever reason, or is out of sync, either engine doesn't start or goes kaboom.
Ascent isn't the problem its the relighting of them on the way down.
I agree, relighting is tricky, not just because of the limitations that you describe, but because there is a lot less cumulative experience with relighting of engines than simply lighting them at the launch. We (as the entire humanity) have seen tens of thousands of rocket motors lit on ascent, orders of magnitude than those relit.
Raptors don't seem to be prone to kabooms during flight, probably because the command unit switches them off in case of any suspicion.
Airliners have twin engines, and are designed to be able to fly one one. Why? Because engines fail now and then. Every flight critical part on an airliner has a redundant workaround, sometimes two.
Redundancy is a cost-effective way to successfully deal with unreliable parts.
When I go dirt bike riding in the wilderness, I only ride with a buddy. I wear protective gear. I carry a phone, water, and a minimal survival kit. I also text a photo of the trail map to a friend before hitting the trail.
Bringing together the money and people to make this stuff happen is the basis. That’s the most impressive part. Debatably the only truly impressive part.
There’s no ideology. You can watch a really big rocket take off every month or two and watch a smaller rocket take off every couple days. I’m sure there are better designs out there… on drawing boards.
Musk thinks that if you crash things enough until it works first time, the problem is solved. Which is fine for something like Falcon. As loads get bigger and heavier, and you start running into margins of performance (for example, raptor engines are required to generate the thrust to lift it). And then, just cause it works the first time, that doesn't mean there is enough margin on the system to not fail due to an external unforseen event for which the narrow margins can't account for.
Pre 2018 Musk before he destroyed his mind with ketamine, sure. Apart from a few very autistic events, I would have also bet on him.
But now, you wanna tell me the person that thought the Cybertruck was a good product is going to solve a very complex problem of reusable heavy launch vehicle? Much less go to Mars? Ok.
The issue is that you don't know what free actually means. You rely on a lot of government support for your perceived notion of freedom, its just invisible to you because its never been taken away. And if you ever get to experience a life where its been taken away, you sure as shit will be in favor of more authoritarian government.
Every argument against California can be easily disproven by the fact that people aren't moving out in droves like everyone says, and house prices are still very high because people want to live there.
Covid should have dropper the house prices drastically in Cali since people had the option to do remote work in a cheaper cost of living state, but all it did was just move the rate negative for like one year - everyone who couldn't afford it was able to get out, only to be replaced by people who can afford to live there.
Thats just a consequence of sample rate as a whole. The entire linear control space is intricately tied to frequency domain, so you have to sample at a rate at least twice higher than your highest frequency event for accurate capture, as per Nyquist theorem.
All of that stuff is used in industry because a lot of regulation (for things like aircraft) basically requires your control laws to be linear so that you can prove stability.
In reality, when you get into non linear control, you can do a lot more stuff.
I did a research project in college where we had an autonomous underwater glider that could only get gps lock when it surfaced, and had to rely on shitty MEMS imu control under water. I actually proposed doing a neural network for control, but it got shot down because "neural nets are black boxes" lol.
True. I have often encountered motion controllers where the implementer failed to realize that calculating derived variables like acceleration from position and velocity using a direct derivative formula will violate the Nyquist condition, and therefore yields underperforming controllers or totally noisy signal inputs to them. You either need to adjust your sample or control loop rates, or run an appropriate estimator. Depending on the problem it can be something sophisticated like an LQR/KF, or even in some cases a simple alpha-beta-gamma filter (poor version of a predictor-corrector process) can be adequate.
I feel like people overcomplicate even the "simple" explanations like the OPs and this one.
Basically, a Kalman filter is part of a larger class of "estimators", which take the input data, and run additional processing on top of it to figure out the true measurement.
The very basic estimator a low pass filter is also an "estimator" - it rejects high frequency noise, and gives you essentially a moving average. But is a static filter that assumes that your process has noise of a certain frequency, and anything below that is actual changes in the measured variable.
You can make the estimator better. Say you have some idea of how the process variable should behave.For a very simple case, say you are measuring temperature, and you have a current measurement, and you know that change in temperature is related to current being put through a winding. You can capture that relationship in a model of the process, which runs along side the measurement of the actual temperature. Now you have the noisy temperature reading, the predicted reading (which acts like a mean), and you can compute the covariance of the noise, which then you can use to tune the parameter of low pass filter. So if your noise changes in frequency for some reason, the filter will adjust and take care of it.
The Kalman filter is an enhanced version of above, with the added feature of capturing correlation between process variables and using the measurement to update variables that are not directly measurement. For example, if position and velocity are correlated, a refined measurement on the position from gps, will also correct a refined measurement on velocity even if you are not measuring velocity (since you are computing velocity based of an internal model)
The reason it can be kind of confusing is because it basically operates in the matrix linear space, by design to work with other tools that let you do further analysis. So with restriction to linear algebra, you have to assume gaussian noise profile, and estimate process dependence as a covariance measure.
But Kalman filter isnt the end/all be all for noise rejection. You can do any sort of estimation in non linear ways. For example, I designed an automated braking system for an aircraft that tracks a certain brake force command, by commanding a servo to basically press on a brake pedal. Instead of a Kalman filter, I basically ran tests on the system and got a 4d map of (position, pressure, servo_velocity)-> new_pressure, which then I inverted to get the required velocity for target new pressure. So the process estimation was basically commanding the servo to move at a certain speed, getting the pressure, then using position, existing pressure, and pressure error to compute a new velocity, and so on.
When doing Kalman filters, you usually have the basic form of the dynamics in the linear system, but the coefficients are usually determined experimentally (since things like mass is hard to estimate)
Additionaly, because i have direct integrator control (i.e when my target is at setpoint, my control input is 0), all I need is a proportional gain that is small enough for the system to not go unstable. And i have a physical low pass filter of the motor rotor inertia.
When it lands. Auto brakes apply to the wheels to target a specific deceleration target. You don’t want to brake too hard and cause undue wear and you don’t want to under brake and miss your taxiway or go off the runway.
Gosh I should have thought of auto-braking. For some reason I kept thinking this was some fancy drone-braking system and couldn't figure out how you'd brake in the air... I never even considered the on-the-ground case. Thanks.
Nvidia 6xxx series, which was the first card to support SLI. I remember my gaming pc in college with 6x series card, and being able to get another card and use and SLI bridge that increased performance in some games.
Nvidia GeForce 900 series, which had the Titan with 12gb, first card iirc to able to support larger resolution gaming.
Nvidia RXT series which started with 20xx i think, first card to come with 24gb of ram.
And then the modern 4xxx series which used to fry power cables.
For example, taking a stand against Tesla, when you go buy one right now, you really don't feel any sort of general animosity from people, even though its morally not the right thing to do.
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